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高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專講精品教案 第4講 同位語(yǔ)從句
高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專講精品教案 第4講 同位語(yǔ)從句 來(lái)源:中學(xué)學(xué)科網(wǎng) 一、理解同位語(yǔ)從句的含義,把握同位語(yǔ)從句的實(shí)質(zhì) 在主從復(fù)合句中作同位語(yǔ)的從句稱為同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句一般用that,whether,what, which, who,when, where, why, how 等詞引導(dǎo),常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion,等抽象名詞后面,說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。換言之,同位語(yǔ)從句和所修飾的名詞在內(nèi)容上為同一關(guān)系,對(duì)其內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。 例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他們比賽獲勝的消息很快傳遍了整個(gè)學(xué)校。 析:they had won the game說(shuō)明The news的全部?jī)?nèi)容,因此該句為同位語(yǔ)從句。 二、正確運(yùn)用同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,準(zhǔn)確把握同位語(yǔ)從句 1.如同位語(yǔ)從句意義完整,應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。(即that 不充當(dāng)任何成分,只起連接作用) 例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達(dá)了戰(zhàn)士們立即過(guò)河的命令。 析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部?jī)?nèi)容,且意義完整,因此應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 2.如同位語(yǔ)從句意義不完整,需增加是否的含義,應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。(if不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句) 例:Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我們將討論運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是否會(huì)如期舉行的問(wèn)題。 析:the sports meeting will be held on time意義不完整,應(yīng)加是否的含義才能表達(dá)the problem的全部?jī)?nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 3.如同位語(yǔ)從句意義不完整,需增加什么時(shí)候、什么地點(diǎn)、什么方式等含義,應(yīng)用when,where,how等詞引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 例1:I have no idea when he will be back. 析:he will be back意義不完整,應(yīng)加什么時(shí)候的含義才能表達(dá)idea的全部?jī)?nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 例2:I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike. 析:he went home意義不完整,應(yīng)加如何的含義才能表達(dá)impression的全部?jī)?nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 4.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)較短,而同位語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)時(shí),同位語(yǔ)從句常后肢。 如:The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敵人可能已經(jīng)逃出城了。 三、把握同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別,明確同位語(yǔ)從句和相似從句的界限 同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句相似,都放在某一名詞或代詞后面,但同位語(yǔ)從句不同于定語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞加以補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,是名詞全部?jī)?nèi)容的體現(xiàn),且名詞和同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞均不在從句中作成分;定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征,與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系,且名詞和定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞均在從句中作成分。 區(qū)分時(shí)可以在先行詞與與從句之間加一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞be,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子,如果句子通順且符合邏輯,則為同位語(yǔ)從句,反之,則為定語(yǔ)從句。 如:The report that he was going to resign was false. 他將辭職的傳聞是假的。 因?yàn)閠he report was that he was going to resign 句意通順,所以,that he was going to resign 是同位語(yǔ)從句。 例:Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海) A.while B.that C.when D.as 析:答案為B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的內(nèi)容,且Information不在從句中作成分,所以該句為同位語(yǔ)從句。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于: It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities,this is the information ____ has been put forward. A.what B.that C.when D.as 析:答案為B。that has been put forward為information的修飾性定語(yǔ),且information在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以該句為定語(yǔ)從句。【高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專講教案 第4講 同位語(yǔ)從句】相關(guān)文章:
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