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過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)講解
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
(一)定義
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。
(二)結(jié)構(gòu)
was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞)
(三)用法
1、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等等
(1)We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨暋?/p>
(2)What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
(3)My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥騎自行車(chē)的時(shí)候從車(chē)上摔下來(lái)，受傷了。
(4)It was raining when they left the station.
他們離開(kāi)車(chē)站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。
(5)When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽(yáng)光燦爛。
2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示。
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?
昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么?第一文庫(kù)網(wǎng) (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))
3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他邊等車(chē)邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦車(chē)時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)
4、表示在過(guò)去即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
She asked him whether he was coming back for supper.
5、表示過(guò)去的反復(fù)性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與副詞always, constantly, continually, frequently等連用，常常帶有說(shuō)話(huà)人的某種感情色彩。
His mother was always working like that.
他目前總是那樣工作
6. 通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。
（四）句型
肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+was/ were+ doing+…
He was cooking at six last night.
否定句: 主語(yǔ)+was/ were +not(wasn’t/ weren’t) +doing+…..
He was not cooking at six last night.
一般疑問(wèn)句: Was/Were +主語(yǔ)+ doing+….?
兩回答 肯：Yes, 主語(yǔ)+was/were 否：No,主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/ weren’t Was he cooking at six last night?
Yes ,he was No, he wasn’t.
特殊疑問(wèn)句： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句
What was he doing at six last night?
when 和while的用法區(qū)別：
① when既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間，while只指一段時(shí)間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
② when 說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 ③ 由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用while引導(dǎo)
When the teacher came in, we were talking.
當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
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