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2015考研英語復(fù)習(xí) 語法長(zhǎng)難句精析
考研英語長(zhǎng)難句解析涉及到各個(gè)題型，考生如果能夠精確的理解長(zhǎng)難句，然后再結(jié)合各題型的技巧，考生在做題時(shí)就可以得心應(yīng)手了，當(dāng)然，最基本的詞匯基礎(chǔ)是要貫穿到復(fù)習(xí)的各個(gè)階段，目前考生有了一定的詞匯基礎(chǔ)，并且對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)語法也有一定的了解，但是遇到長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)就難以下手，下面老師給考生分享下如何精析長(zhǎng)難句。
1. The physicist rightly dreads preciseargument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses allits force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed whereasan argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under smallperturbations of its underlying assumptions。
解析：本句的定語從句較多，首先要分清主干，然后根據(jù)從句調(diào)整語序：since后的主干是：an argument loses all its force,argument 后的that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句修飾argument，if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，if后的主干是：the assumptions are slightly changed. on which 修飾assumption, whereas后的主干是：an argument may well be stable. 其中that是引導(dǎo)argument的定語從句，under后面的是狀語。
參考翻譯：科學(xué)家有理由擔(dān)心精確的討論，如果基于這個(gè)討論的假設(shè)發(fā)生變化，那么這個(gè)值得信賴的討論就會(huì)失去它所有的威力，然而在潛在的假設(shè)下，這個(gè)雖不精確但還值得信賴的討論可能仍然值得擔(dān)憂。
2. He is referring to the upsurge ofinterest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection oftelecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers,content producers and mobile-network operators。
解析：本句的主干是：He is referring to the upsurgeof interest in mobile television. 逗號(hào)后是同位語從句修飾mobile television，在同位語從句中出現(xiàn)whichoffers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-networkoperators. 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明nascent industry。
參考翻譯：他談到了眾人對(duì)移動(dòng)電視的巨大興趣，這是一個(gè)在電信和媒體領(lǐng)域有交叉的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，它給設(shè)備制造商、電視內(nèi)容制作者以及移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商提供了新的機(jī)遇。
3. Meanwhile, Apple Computer, whichlaunched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October,is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows thatcan be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”，
“Desperate Housewives” and “Law &Order”。
解析：本句比較長(zhǎng)，出現(xiàn)了非定語從句的分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，本句的主干是：Apple Computer is striking deals with television networks to expandthe range of shows…，出現(xiàn)了which launched a video-capable version ofits iPod portable music-player in October,引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾Apple Computer。That引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾shows。句末的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)including“Lost”， “Desperate Housewives”and “Law &Order”作伴隨狀語，表明range ofshows的具體內(nèi)容。
參考翻譯：與此同時(shí)，蘋果電腦公司在10月發(fā)售了一款可以觀看電視的便攜式音樂播放器iPod，該公司大大幫助了電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)大其可以供用戶購買的、用于在移動(dòng)終端的節(jié)目范圍，
包括《迷失》、《絕望的主婦》以及《法律與秩序》。
以上便是我們與考生分享的語法長(zhǎng)難句精析，希望考生們多做這方面的練習(xí)題，逐步掌握解析長(zhǎng)難句的技巧。
2015年考研英語語法長(zhǎng)難句精析(二)
考生在分析英語長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)要注意語法在句子中的“混搭”，對(duì)于綜合語法的運(yùn)用，考生要有能識(shí)別的慧眼，下面老師給考生詳細(xì)解析：
1. Some technologies do indeed improve at such a predictable pace that theyobey simple formulae such as Moore’s law, which acts as a battle plan for thesemiconductor industry。
解析：本句不是很長(zhǎng)，結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰，主句為Some technologies do indeed improve at such a predictable pace thatthey obey simple formulae such as Moore’s law，這里考生要能識(shí)別出such…that…結(jié)構(gòu);后面的 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞formulae such as Moore’s law，which在從句中作主語。
參考譯文：的確，有些技術(shù)的進(jìn)步是以一種可預(yù)測(cè)的節(jié)奏進(jìn)行著，它們遵循摩爾定律般簡(jiǎn)單的公式，好比是半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。
2. Visit many online sites to research a car, and they will sell your nameimmediately to local dealerships which will then harass you in theold-fashioned way。
解析：本句是and引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)并列分句。注意前一分句省略了和后一分句相同的主語they(指代網(wǎng)絡(luò)銷售商)。同時(shí)也可以理解為是：祈使句+and+一般將來時(shí)，后一分句中，they will sell your nameimmediately to local dealerships是主句，關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句whichwill then harass you in the old fashioned way，which指代上文的一整句話。
參考譯文：網(wǎng)絡(luò)銷售商通過訪問大量的網(wǎng)站去尋找一部車，然后就會(huì)把你的名字提供給當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)銷商，這又會(huì)讓你重回到以前那種購車模式所帶來的困擾中。
3. Even China’s population will be declining bythe early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populationswill be lower than they are today in 50 countries。
解析：本句的主句為China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s。其后的定語從句which projects that by 2050populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries修UN，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，注意這里project作動(dòng)詞用，譯為“指出”，且從句里使用了比較級(jí)。
參考譯文：聯(lián)合國(guó)有關(guān)報(bào)告指出，即便是中國(guó)，到2030年初期人口也將開始遞減。這份報(bào)告同時(shí)還指出，到2050年，將有50個(gè)國(guó)家的人口低于今天的水平。
4. That is surely how history will judge moderncriticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people intoviolent criminals.
解析：本句的主句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of videogames，其中表語是how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，定語從句which are accused ofturning young people into violent criminals修飾video games，關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞videogames，which在從句中作主語，考生要注意這里使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)be accused of，在翻譯時(shí)我們譯成主動(dòng)。
參考譯文：對(duì)于當(dāng)今時(shí)代那些控訴電視游戲使年輕人變成暴力罪犯的批評(píng)者們，歷史最終也將對(duì)他們作出同樣的批判。
以上便是老師與大家分享的語法在長(zhǎng)難句中的應(yīng)用，希望考生能夠認(rèn)真總結(jié)句子中的語法，多練習(xí)，熟練掌握。
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