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微生物燃料電池中新功能材料的進(jìn)展
摘要: 微生物燃料電池(MFC)主要由電極、催化劑和膜等3種重要原件組成.為了獲取最大的功率密度和實(shí)現(xiàn)更高的庫(kù)倫效率,研究人員不僅在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)上對(duì)MFC進(jìn)行了很大的改進(jìn),而且在實(shí)現(xiàn)其功能的新材料方面,也取得了一定的進(jìn)步.MFC電極通常使用碳質(zhì)材料.就陽(yáng)極而言,改變碳質(zhì)材料的分子結(jié)構(gòu),可以使MFC陽(yáng)極表現(xiàn)出良好的生物電化學(xué)性能,如碳納米管的使用.但是,以碳作為基底實(shí)現(xiàn)聚苯胺與二氧化鈦結(jié)合的復(fù)合材料,其優(yōu)越的生物電化學(xué)性能,已經(jīng)引起人們的特別關(guān)注.同時(shí),為提高M(jìn)FC的輸出功率,MFC的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)也在不斷變化,促使隔膜與陰極從分離的形式轉(zhuǎn)向隔膜-陰極復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式,這些結(jié)構(gòu)形式通過(guò)Nafion 117等聚合物或含官能團(tuán)的四氟乙烯及聚吡咯與各種催化劑的復(fù)合來(lái)合成.參雜的催化劑常使用鉑、鐵酞菁、卟啉金屬化合物、錳氧化物和熱解鐵酞菁進(jìn)行合成,實(shí)現(xiàn)催化劑的固定化.另外,MFC陰極液或陰極液流經(jīng)空氣陰極表面時(shí),陰極液最好含有過(guò)度元素氧化還原對(duì)或螯合鐵,對(duì)提高M(jìn)FC的效率有幫助. Abstract: Electrodes,catalysts,membranes,if present,are three main components in constructing a MFC for harvesting desired maximum power density and achieving higher coulombic efficiency (CE).Great improvements have been made,based on previous researches,in developing and diversifying materials,aside from architectures.Electrodes most familiar to us are widely used carbon materials.For anodes,carbon matrix composites (e.g.,a combination of polyaniline (PANI) with TiO2 using carbon as substrate) have gained special attention,though carbon material itself can exhibit excellent performance by diversifying molecular structures such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs).In the meanwhile,the evolution of MFC architectures,heading to the direction of improving power generation,contributes to the combination of membranes and cathodes from separate modes to diverse assemblies,on which all sorts of catalysts,such as from commonly used Pt to iron phthalocyanine (Pc),metal tetramethoxyphenylporphyrin (TMPP),MnOx,or pyrolyzed iron(Ⅱ) phthalocyanine (pyr-FePc),can be immobilized through synthesis of these catalysts with polymer such as Nafion 117 (Dupont Co.,USA) or tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) containing functional groups or polypyrrole (PPy).In addition,catholytes with aqueous cathode immersed or flowing through the surface of air-cathode are favorably proposed containing transition metal redox couples or iron chelates. 作 者: 賀震 周向同 王黎 HE Zhen ZHOU Xiang-tong WANG Li 作者單位: 賀震,HE Zhen(威斯康辛大學(xué)密爾沃基分校土木工程與機(jī)械系,威斯康辛,密爾沃基,W153201;南加州大學(xué),化學(xué)工程與材料科學(xué)系,加州,洛杉磯,90089)周向同,王黎,ZHOU Xiang-tong,WANG Li(沈陽(yáng)化工大學(xué),環(huán)境與生物工程學(xué)院,遼寧,沈陽(yáng),110142)
期 刊: 沈陽(yáng)化工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào) Journal: JOURNAL OF SHENYANG INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 年,卷(期): 2010, 24(2) 分類號(hào): X703.1 TM911.45 關(guān)鍵詞: 微生物燃料電池 陽(yáng)極 陰極 膜 陰極液 Keywords: new development anode cathode membrane catholyte【微生物燃料電池中新功能材料的進(jìn)展】相關(guān)文章:
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