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直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)正誤例析
1.“Speak English more often in and out of class，” our English teacher said to us.Our English teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class. （誤）
Our English teacher told /asked us to speak English more often in and out of class. （正）
Our English teacher suggested that we （should）speak English more often in and out of class. （正）
簡(jiǎn)析：直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣需要使用ask，tell，order等動(dòng)詞，其句型是：ask/tell/order someone to do sth.，但是suggest不能接不定式作賓補(bǔ)，只能接-ing形式或從句（從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）作賓語(yǔ)。
2.“Don’t play football on the street，little boys，” the policeman said.
The policeman told the little boys did not play football on the street. （誤）
The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street. （正）
簡(jiǎn)析：如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句的否定式，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將其改為不定式的否定形式作賓補(bǔ)，不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not，而不是加do not，does not，did not等。
3.“Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs？” the young woman said to me.
The young woman ordered me to carry the box upstairs for her. （誤）
The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her.（正）
簡(jiǎn)析：直接引語(yǔ)是一些表示請(qǐng)求、建議的疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)， 也變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ阶髻e語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。需要注意的是應(yīng)根據(jù)原句的語(yǔ)氣選用恰當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞。因?yàn)榇颂幵瓉?lái)的疑問(wèn)句用的是很客氣的語(yǔ)氣，改寫(xiě)后不宜用order。
4.“You clean the classroom after class today，Tom，” said the monitor.
The monitor said that Tom cleaned the classroom after class that day.（誤）
The monitor told Tom to clean the classroom after class that day. （正）
簡(jiǎn)析：一般而言，祈使句是以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的，但是如果說(shuō)話人有意強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，也可以在句首加上主語(yǔ)。我們?cè)趯⑵渥優(yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)不能將帶有主語(yǔ)的祈使句與陳述句混淆起來(lái)。
5.“It’s a fine day. Let’s go to the country for a picnic，” Peter said to me.
Peter told me that it was a fine
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