圣誕節(jié)是幾月幾日星期幾

　　圣誕節(jié)(Christmas)本身是一個(gè)宗教節(jié)，用來(lái)慶祝耶穌的誕辰，因而又名耶誕節(jié)，

圣誕節(jié)是幾月幾日星期幾

。那么2014年的圣誕節(jié)是幾月幾日星期幾呢?圣誕節(jié)的由來(lái)是怎樣的呢?下面就跟YJBYS就業(yè)指導(dǎo)的小編一起來(lái)了解一下圣誕節(jié)吧!

　　【2014年圣誕節(jié)是什么時(shí)候】

　　每年12月25日是全世界大多數(shù)基督徒紀(jì)念耶穌誕生的日子。2014年的圣誕節(jié)是12月25日 農(nóng)歷 十一月初四 星期四

　　【圣誕節(jié)的由來(lái)(中英文版)】

　　“圣誕節(jié)”這個(gè)名稱(chēng)是“基督彌撒”的縮寫(xiě)。彌撒是教會(huì)的一種禮拜儀式。圣誕節(jié)是一個(gè)宗教節(jié)。我們把它當(dāng)作耶穌的誕辰來(lái)慶祝，因而又名耶誕節(jié)。這一天，世界所有的基督教會(huì)都舉行特別的禮拜儀式。但是有很多圣誕節(jié)的歡慶活動(dòng)和宗教并無(wú)半點(diǎn)關(guān)聯(lián)。交換禮物，寄圣誕卡，這都使圣誕節(jié)成為一個(gè)普天同慶的日子。

　　圣誕節(jié)是基督教世界最大的節(jié)日。4世紀(jì)初，1月6日是羅馬帝國(guó)東部各教會(huì)紀(jì)念耶穌降生和受洗的雙重節(jié)日、稱(chēng)為“主顯節(jié)”Epiphany，亦稱(chēng)“顯現(xiàn)節(jié)”即上帝通過(guò)耶穌向世人顯示自己。當(dāng)時(shí)只有耶路撒冷的教會(huì)例外，那里只紀(jì)念耶穌的誕生而不紀(jì)念耶穌的受洗。

　　后來(lái)歷史學(xué)家們?cè)诹_馬基督徒習(xí)用的日歷中發(fā)現(xiàn)公元 354年12月25日頁(yè)內(nèi)記錄著：“基督降生在猶大的伯利恒。”經(jīng)過(guò)研究，一般認(rèn)為12月25日作為圣誕節(jié)可能開(kāi)始于公元336年的羅馬教會(huì)。12月25 日原來(lái)是波斯太陽(yáng)神(即光明之神)密特拉(Mithra)的誕辰，是一個(gè)異教徒節(jié)日，同時(shí)太陽(yáng)神也是羅馬國(guó)教眾神之一。這一天又是羅馬歷書(shū)的冬至節(jié)，崇拜太陽(yáng)神的異教徒都把這一天當(dāng)作春天的希望，萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇的開(kāi)始�？赡苡捎谶@個(gè)原因，羅馬教會(huì)才選擇這一天作為圣誕節(jié)。這是教會(huì)初期力圖把異教徒的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣基督教化的措施之一。后來(lái)，雖然大多數(shù)教會(huì)都接受12月25日為圣誕節(jié)，但又因?yàn)楦鞯亟虝?huì)使用的歷書(shū)不同，具體日期不能統(tǒng)一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的 1月6日定為圣誕節(jié)節(jié)期(Christmas Tide)，各地教會(huì)可以根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)鼐唧w情況在這段節(jié)期之內(nèi)慶祝圣誕節(jié)。

　　Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. No one knows the exact date of Christs birth, but most Christians observe Christmas on December 25. On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services. During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with holly, mistletoe, and Christmas trees. The word Christmas comes from Cristes maesse, an early English phrase that means Mass of Christ. The story of Christmas comes chiefly from the Gospels of Saint Luke and Saint Matthew in the New Testament.

　　The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas, the bright fires, the yule log, the giving of gifts, carnivals(parades) with floats, carolers who sing while going from house to house, the holiday feasts, and the church processions can all be traced back to the early Mesopotamians.

　　Many of these traditions began with the Mesopotamian celebration of New Years. The Mesopotamians believed in many gods, and as their chief god-Marduk. Each year as winter arrived it was believed that Marduk would do battle with the monsters of chaos. To assist Marduk in his struggle the Mesopotamians held a festival for the New Year. This was Zagmuk, the New Years festival that lasted for 12 days.

　　The Persians and the Babylonians celebrated a similar festival called the Sacaea. Part of that celebration included the exchanging of places, the slaves would become the masters and the masters were to obey. The ancient Greeks held a festival similar to that of the Zagmuk/Sacaea festivals to assist their god Kronos who would battle the god Zeus and his Titans.

　　The Romans celebrated their god Saturn. Their festival was called Saturnalia which began the middle of December and ended January 1st. With cries of "Jo Saturnalia!" the celebration would include masquerades in the streets, big festive meals, visiting friends, and the exchange of good-luck gifts called Strenae (lucky fruits). The Romans decked their halls with garlands of laurel and green trees lit with candles. Again the masters and slaves would exchange places.

　　"Jo Saturnalia!" was a fun and festive time for the Romans, but the Christians thought it an abomination to honor the pagan god. The early Christians wanted to keep the birthday of their Christ child a solemn and religious holiday, not one of cheer and merriment as was the pagan Saturnalia.

　　Some legends claim that the Christian "Christmas" celebration was invented to compete against the pagan celebrations of December. The 25th was not only sacred to the Romans but also the Persians whose religion Mithraism was one of Christianitys main rivals at that time. The Church eventually was successful in taking the merriment, lights, and gifts from the Saturanilia festival and bringing them to the celebration of Christmas.

　　The exact day of the Christ childs birth has never been pinpointed. Traditions say that it has been celebrated since the year 98 AD. In 137 AD the Bishop of Rome ordered the birthday of the Christ Child celebrated as a solemn feast. In 350 AD another Bishop of Rome, Julius I, choose December 25th as the observance of Christmas.

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